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Korean J. Vet. Serv. 2021; 44(2): 85-91
Published online June 30, 2021
https://doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2021.44.2.85
© The Korean Socitety of Veterinary Service
김제 지역 한우 송아지의 크립토스포리듐, 지알디아 발생 현황
이한경;소경민;오상익;노재희;김미숙;강명금;정숙한;정영훈;조아라;이한규;류재규;허태영;최창용;
행복을 찾는 동물병원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;
Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in Korean native calves in Gimje area
Correspondence to : 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원(National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
This study was performed to identify the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in diarrhea feces of Korean native calves raised in Gimje, Jeollabuk-do, with a rapid diagnostic kit. The prevalence of both diseases were classified according to the age of calf, season of sampling period, and sampled farm where diarrheic calf is commonly observed. In diarrhea feces of 431 calves, cryptosporidiosis had a high incidence rate between 1 and 3 weeks of age, whereas giardiasis showed a high incidence between 4 and 6 weeks of age. It is thought that the incidence of protozoan diseases is markedly influenced by the calf's postnatal age. Regarding with the sampling season, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in calves was significantly higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter (P<0.05). Among the sampled farms where both diseases are commonly observed, cryptosporidiosis was more frequently detected than giardiasis in calves. Particularly, in farms where cryptosporidiosis is common, it tends to be a disease that is difficult to eradicate as it occurs continuously throughout the year. Hygiene management such as regular cleaning and disinfection of the livestock and the surrounding environments is considered necessary to reduce and prevent damage from these protozoal diseases.
Keywords Cryptosporidiosis,Giardiasis,Calves,Prevalence,
- Becher KA, Robertson ID, Fraser DM, Palmer DG, Thompson RCA. 2004. Molecular epidemiology of
Giardia andCryptosporidium infections in dairy calves originating from three sources in Western Australia. Vet Parasitol 123(1-2): 1-9.
- Choe C, Jung HY, Do YJ, Cho A, Kim SB, Kang HS, Yoo JG, Park J. 2017. Use of rapid diagnostic kit for the diagnosis of Korean native calf diarrhea. Korean J Vet Serv 40(1): 61-66.
- Feng Y, Gong X, Zhu K, Li N, Yu Z, Guo Y, Weng Y, Kváč M, Feng Y, Xiao L. 2019. Prevalence and genotypic identification of
Cryptosporidium spp. ,Giardia duodenalis andEnterocytozoon bieneusi in pre-weaned dairy calves in Guangdong, China. Parasit Vectors 12(1):41. 
- Feng Y, Xiao L. 2011. Zoonotic potential and molecular epodermiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 24(1): 110-140.
- Geurden T, Claerebout E, Dursin L, Deflandre A, Bernay F, Laltsatos V, Vercruysse J. 2006. The efficacy of an oral treatment with paromomycin against an experimental infection with
Giardia in calves. Vet Parasitol 15(3-4): 241-247.
- Geurden T, Vandenhoute E. Pohle H, Casaert S, De Wilde N, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. 2010. The effect of a fenbendazole treatment on cyst excretion and weight gain in calves experimentally infected with
Giardia duodenalis . Vet Parasitol 169(1-2): 18-23.
- Kim HY. 2016. Domestic outbreaks of calves’ diarrhea in Korea. Korean J Buiat 21: 61-81.
- Koh BRD, Kim HJ, Oh AR, Jung BR, Park JS, Lee JG, Na HM, Kim YH. 2019. Prevalence of enteropathogens in the feces from diarrheic Korean native cattle in Gwangju area, Korea. Korean J Vet Serv 42(2): 93-112.
- Lee SH, Kim HY, Choi EW, Kim D. 2019a. Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves. J Vet Sci 20(6): e64.
- Lee YJ, Ryu JH, Shin SU, Choi KS. 2019b. Prevalence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium andGiardia in pre-weaned native calves in the Republic of Korea. Parasitol Res 118(12): 3509-3517.
- Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. 2019. Molecular characterization of
Giardia intestinalis andCryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhoea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 60: 101333.
- Lyu Z, Shao J, Xue M, Ye Q, Chen B, Qin Y, Wen J. 2018. A new species of
Giardia Künstler , 1882 (Sarcomastigophora: Hexamitidae) in hamsters. Parasit Vectors 11: 202.
- Muhid A, Robertson I, Ng J, Yang R, Ryan U. 2012. Prevalence of
Giardia spp. infection in preweaned and weaned calves in relation to management factors. Vet J 191(1): 135-137.
- Naguib D, El-Gohary AH, Mohamed AA, Roellig DM, Arafat M, Xiao L. 2018. Age patterns of
Cryptosporidium species andGiardia duodenalis infection in dairy calves in Egypt. Parasitol Int 67(6): 736-741.
- O’Handley RM, Buret AG, McAllister TA, Jelinski M, Olson ME. 2001. Giardiasis in dairy calves: effects of fenbendazole treatment on intestinal structure and function. Int J Parasitol 31(1): 73-9.
- O’Handley RM, Cockwill C, Jelinski M, McAllister TA, Olson ME. 2000. Effects of repeat fenbendazole treatment in dairy calves with giardiosis on cyst excretion, clinical signs and production. Vet Parasitol 89(3): 209-218.
- O’Handley RM, Cockwill C, McAllister TA, Jelinski M, Morck DW, Olson ME. 1999. Duration of naturally acquired giardiosis and cryptosporidiosis in diary calves and their association with diarrhea. J Am Vet Med Assoc 214(3): 391-396.
- Robertson LJ, Campbell AT, Smith HV. 1992. Survival of
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts under various environmental pressures. Appl Environ Microbiol 58(11) 3494- 3500.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2007. Prevelence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium andGiardia specieds and genotypes in sheep in Maryland. Vet Parasitol 146(1-2): 17-24.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2008. A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol 155(1-2): 15-23.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2009. A longitudinal study of
Giardia duodenalis genotypes in dairy cows from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol 162(1-2): 40-45.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Xiao L, Zhou L, Greiner E, Fayer R. 2004. Prevalence and age-related variation of
Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in dairy calves. Vet Parasitol 122(2): 103-117.
- Santín M. 2013. Clinical and subclinical infections with
cryptosporidium in animals. N Z Vet J 61(1): 1-10.
- Santín M. 2020.
Cryptosporidium andgiardia in ruminants. Vet Clin Food Anim 36(1): 223-238.
- Scott RP, Smith HV, Mtambo MM, Gibbs HA. 1995. An epidemiological study of
Cryptosporidium parvum in two herds of adult beef cattle. Vet Parasitol 57(4): 277-288.
- Soares R, Tasca T. 2016. Giardiasis: an update review on sensitivity and specificity of methods for labortorial diagnosis. J Microbiol Methods 129: 98-102.
- Thomson S, Hamilton CA, Hope JC, Katzer F, Mabbott NA, Morrison LJ. 2017. Bovine cryptosporidiosis: impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies. Vet Res 48: 42.
- Urie NJ, Lombard JE, Shivley CB, Adams AE, Kopral CA, Santin M. 2018. Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: part III. Factors associated with
Cryptosporidium andGiardia in preweaned dairy heifer calves. J Dairy Sci 101(10): 9199-9213.
- Wang Y, Cao J, Chang Y, Yu F, Zhang S, Wang R, Zhang L. 2020. Prevalence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium spp. andGiardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Gansu, northwest China. Parasite 27: 62.
- Xiao L, Saeed K, Herd RP. 1996. Efficacy of albendazole and fenbendazole against
Giardia infection in cattle. Vet Parasitol 61(1-2): 165-70.
- Yang HJ, Kim CS. 2001. Prevalence of
Cryptosporidium sp among calves and pigs in Jeonbuk province. Korean J Vet Serv 24(2): 133-138.
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Research Article
Korean J. Vet. Serv. 2021; 44(2): 85-91
Published online June 30, 2021 https://doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2021.44.2.85
Copyright © The Korean Socitety of Veterinary Service.
김제 지역 한우 송아지의 크립토스포리듐, 지알디아 발생 현황
이한경;소경민;오상익;노재희;김미숙;강명금;정숙한;정영훈;조아라;이한규;류재규;허태영;최창용;
행복을 찾는 동물병원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원;
Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in Korean native calves in Gimje area
Lee, Han-Kyoung;So, Kyoung-Min;Oh, Sang-Ik;Roh, Jae-Hee;Kim, Mi-Suk;Kang, Myoung-Geum;Jung, Suk-Han;Jung, Young-Hun;Cho, Ara;Lee, Han Gyu;Yoo, Jae-Gyu;Hur, Tai-Young;Choe, Changyong;
Happy Veterinary Clinic;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration;
Correspondence to:농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원(National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Abstract
This study was performed to identify the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in diarrhea feces of Korean native calves raised in Gimje, Jeollabuk-do, with a rapid diagnostic kit. The prevalence of both diseases were classified according to the age of calf, season of sampling period, and sampled farm where diarrheic calf is commonly observed. In diarrhea feces of 431 calves, cryptosporidiosis had a high incidence rate between 1 and 3 weeks of age, whereas giardiasis showed a high incidence between 4 and 6 weeks of age. It is thought that the incidence of protozoan diseases is markedly influenced by the calf's postnatal age. Regarding with the sampling season, the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in calves was significantly higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter (P<0.05). Among the sampled farms where both diseases are commonly observed, cryptosporidiosis was more frequently detected than giardiasis in calves. Particularly, in farms where cryptosporidiosis is common, it tends to be a disease that is difficult to eradicate as it occurs continuously throughout the year. Hygiene management such as regular cleaning and disinfection of the livestock and the surrounding environments is considered necessary to reduce and prevent damage from these protozoal diseases.
Keywords: Cryptosporidiosis,Giardiasis,Calves,Prevalence,
References
- Becher KA, Robertson ID, Fraser DM, Palmer DG, Thompson RCA. 2004. Molecular epidemiology of
Giardia andCryptosporidium infections in dairy calves originating from three sources in Western Australia. Vet Parasitol 123(1-2): 1-9.
- Choe C, Jung HY, Do YJ, Cho A, Kim SB, Kang HS, Yoo JG, Park J. 2017. Use of rapid diagnostic kit for the diagnosis of Korean native calf diarrhea. Korean J Vet Serv 40(1): 61-66.
- Feng Y, Gong X, Zhu K, Li N, Yu Z, Guo Y, Weng Y, Kváč M, Feng Y, Xiao L. 2019. Prevalence and genotypic identification of
Cryptosporidium spp. ,Giardia duodenalis andEnterocytozoon bieneusi in pre-weaned dairy calves in Guangdong, China. Parasit Vectors 12(1):41.
- Feng Y, Xiao L. 2011. Zoonotic potential and molecular epodermiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 24(1): 110-140.
- Geurden T, Claerebout E, Dursin L, Deflandre A, Bernay F, Laltsatos V, Vercruysse J. 2006. The efficacy of an oral treatment with paromomycin against an experimental infection with
Giardia in calves. Vet Parasitol 15(3-4): 241-247.
- Geurden T, Vandenhoute E. Pohle H, Casaert S, De Wilde N, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. 2010. The effect of a fenbendazole treatment on cyst excretion and weight gain in calves experimentally infected with
Giardia duodenalis . Vet Parasitol 169(1-2): 18-23.
- Kim HY. 2016. Domestic outbreaks of calves’ diarrhea in Korea. Korean J Buiat 21: 61-81.
- Koh BRD, Kim HJ, Oh AR, Jung BR, Park JS, Lee JG, Na HM, Kim YH. 2019. Prevalence of enteropathogens in the feces from diarrheic Korean native cattle in Gwangju area, Korea. Korean J Vet Serv 42(2): 93-112.
- Lee SH, Kim HY, Choi EW, Kim D. 2019a. Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves. J Vet Sci 20(6): e64.
- Lee YJ, Ryu JH, Shin SU, Choi KS. 2019b. Prevalence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium andGiardia in pre-weaned native calves in the Republic of Korea. Parasitol Res 118(12): 3509-3517.
- Lichtmannsperger K, Hinney B, Joachim A, Wittek T. 2019. Molecular characterization of
Giardia intestinalis andCryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhoea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 60: 101333.
- Lyu Z, Shao J, Xue M, Ye Q, Chen B, Qin Y, Wen J. 2018. A new species of
Giardia Künstler , 1882 (Sarcomastigophora: Hexamitidae) in hamsters. Parasit Vectors 11: 202.
- Muhid A, Robertson I, Ng J, Yang R, Ryan U. 2012. Prevalence of
Giardia spp. infection in preweaned and weaned calves in relation to management factors. Vet J 191(1): 135-137.
- Naguib D, El-Gohary AH, Mohamed AA, Roellig DM, Arafat M, Xiao L. 2018. Age patterns of
Cryptosporidium species andGiardia duodenalis infection in dairy calves in Egypt. Parasitol Int 67(6): 736-741.
- O’Handley RM, Buret AG, McAllister TA, Jelinski M, Olson ME. 2001. Giardiasis in dairy calves: effects of fenbendazole treatment on intestinal structure and function. Int J Parasitol 31(1): 73-9.
- O’Handley RM, Cockwill C, Jelinski M, McAllister TA, Olson ME. 2000. Effects of repeat fenbendazole treatment in dairy calves with giardiosis on cyst excretion, clinical signs and production. Vet Parasitol 89(3): 209-218.
- O’Handley RM, Cockwill C, McAllister TA, Jelinski M, Morck DW, Olson ME. 1999. Duration of naturally acquired giardiosis and cryptosporidiosis in diary calves and their association with diarrhea. J Am Vet Med Assoc 214(3): 391-396.
- Robertson LJ, Campbell AT, Smith HV. 1992. Survival of
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts under various environmental pressures. Appl Environ Microbiol 58(11) 3494- 3500.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2007. Prevelence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium andGiardia specieds and genotypes in sheep in Maryland. Vet Parasitol 146(1-2): 17-24.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2008. A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol 155(1-2): 15-23.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Fayer R. 2009. A longitudinal study of
Giardia duodenalis genotypes in dairy cows from birth to 2 years of age. Vet Parasitol 162(1-2): 40-45.
- Santín M, Trout JM, Xiao L, Zhou L, Greiner E, Fayer R. 2004. Prevalence and age-related variation of
Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in dairy calves. Vet Parasitol 122(2): 103-117.
- Santín M. 2013. Clinical and subclinical infections with
cryptosporidium in animals. N Z Vet J 61(1): 1-10.
- Santín M. 2020.
Cryptosporidium andgiardia in ruminants. Vet Clin Food Anim 36(1): 223-238.
- Scott RP, Smith HV, Mtambo MM, Gibbs HA. 1995. An epidemiological study of
Cryptosporidium parvum in two herds of adult beef cattle. Vet Parasitol 57(4): 277-288.
- Soares R, Tasca T. 2016. Giardiasis: an update review on sensitivity and specificity of methods for labortorial diagnosis. J Microbiol Methods 129: 98-102.
- Thomson S, Hamilton CA, Hope JC, Katzer F, Mabbott NA, Morrison LJ. 2017. Bovine cryptosporidiosis: impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies. Vet Res 48: 42.
- Urie NJ, Lombard JE, Shivley CB, Adams AE, Kopral CA, Santin M. 2018. Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: part III. Factors associated with
Cryptosporidium andGiardia in preweaned dairy heifer calves. J Dairy Sci 101(10): 9199-9213.
- Wang Y, Cao J, Chang Y, Yu F, Zhang S, Wang R, Zhang L. 2020. Prevalence and molecular characterization of
Cryptosporidium spp. andGiardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Gansu, northwest China. Parasite 27: 62.
- Xiao L, Saeed K, Herd RP. 1996. Efficacy of albendazole and fenbendazole against
Giardia infection in cattle. Vet Parasitol 61(1-2): 165-70.
- Yang HJ, Kim CS. 2001. Prevalence of
Cryptosporidium sp among calves and pigs in Jeonbuk province. Korean J Vet Serv 24(2): 133-138.
